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The Blood Pressure: How to Deal With Low & High Pressure

High arterial pressure (hypertension) is a chronic disease of the circulatory system that affects every third inhabitant of our country. According to the predictions of scientists, in just 7 years, as many as 1.5 billion people worldwide will struggle with the problem of hypertension.

This problem is so serious that it contributes to the increase in mortality, especially due to heart attacks and strokes. Often, high blood pressure is seen as a disease that only affects the elderly. It turns out, however, that it also affects a large proportion of young people.

Normal blood pressure in healthy people is on the level of 120/80. The first number refers to the systolic pressure value, while the second number tells us the diastolic pressure. You should understand that any imbalance in this condition can negatively affect your body and lead to undesirable consequences. In any case, you need to consult a doctor as carefully as possible to avoid such nuances. In this case, too much pressure is exerted on the artery walls by the flowing blood. High or low blood pressure is a big problem.

High blood pressure symptoms

The most common high blood pressure symptoms:

  • Severe headaches
  • Sweating
  • Insomnia
  • Constant weakness or excessive excitability
  • Frequent distractions, problems with concentration
  • Shaking hands
  • Dizziness
  • Red face color
  • Nosebleeds

High pressure in the eye can be especially dangerous. Therefore, it is worth going to an ophthalmologist who will perform a fundus examination to identify possible damage. It may turn out that failure to intervene quickly will lead to a permanent deterioration or even loss of vision. So your doctor should check your blood pressure chart.

Typology of high blood pressure

There are two types of pressure in medicine: primary and secondary. As it turns out, as much as 90% of all cases are of primary origin. This means that there is no single cause for high blood pressure. Rather, we are dealing with a complex of many genetic and environmental variables.

In this case, an inappropriate lifestyle is of particular importance, especially smoking, improper diet, lack of physical activity, drinking alcohol, and experiencing chronic stress. The results of the research also proved that the problem of arterial hypertension affects women using oral contraception to a greater extent. It also depends on blood types.

In the case of secondary high pressure, the causes should be looked for in a specific medical event, such as, for example:

  • Diabetic kidney disease
  • Other kidney problems
  • Renal artery stenosis
  • Cancer
  • Adrenal gland diseases
  • Acromegaly
  • A brain tumor

High or low blood pressure: which is more dangerous?

It is a common myth that high blood pressure is less of a problem than low pressure. It turns out, however, that both of these values ​​are equally important and should always be considered together. The most dangerous are sudden pressure surges – from very high to extremely low. In this case, the risk of a heart attack and stroke increases dramatically.

High pressure in pregnancy – a health risk for mother and baby

Now let’s talk about what risks await each person who may experience a change in pressure and what features of the body this may affect. Blood pressure problems in pregnant women are extremely rare. Nevertheless, this is a serious danger to the unborn child and the mother herself. In these cases, you must immediately consult a doctor so that he prescribes appropriate treatment and supportive drugs that will help normalize blood pressure. Otherwise, you risk that the child will not develop correctly and will get any congenital problems.

How to reduce it without medication?

If the blood pressure level is not yet high enough to be life-threatening, reaching for high blood pressure medications would not be recommended. It is associated with side effects, and people who start drug therapy are usually forced to continue it until the end of their lives. That is why it is worth changing your current lifestyle today. First, start with moderate but systematic physical activity. Aerobic exercise will work best in this case. You can bet on slow running, walking, Nordic walking, cycling or gymnastics.

Then a healthy diet is just as important. First of all, table salt, which causes the accumulation of water in the body, should be excluded. As a result, smooth muscle tones increases, and consequently high blood pressure. The indicated 5 grams a day, while most of us exceed this amount at least several times.

It is contraindicated for people with arterial hypertension to eat fatty foods that increase the level of bad LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Cholesterol builds up in the walls of your arteries, forming plaque that obstructs blood flow. As a consequence, its the risk of plaque detachment increases, this can lead to a stroke.

What medications are used for high blood pressure?

There are many drugs that can normalize the condition of a person with this type of problem. This is far from a secret, therefore, a detailed list is available to everyone. In cases of high blood pressure significantly above the normal range, a doctor may need to prescribe one of the following types:

  • S-blockers
  • Ca-blockers
  • ACE-inhibitors
  • Diuretics
  • Alpha-blockers

If the patient starts pharmacotherapy, he should remember to use medications regularly. Sudden discontinuation of treatment could lead to a rapid increase in blood pressure, which could lead to a stroke or heart attack. If we intend to reduce the dose of drugs, we should do it gradually – under the supervision of a specialist.

High blood pressure is a serious condition that can be effectively countered through lifestyle changes. Medicines should only be treated as a last resort – the key issue is proper prophylaxis before the development of chronic disease.

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